Publications
For submission of articles or Working Papers to CEsA, please send an email to:
comunicacao@cesa.iseg.ulisboa.pt
Avanços e Retrocessos na Área da Saúde Mental dos Imigrantes em Portugal: A perspectiva do GIS
Abstract:
The GIS Association (formally called Salpisign-GIS Association) is a non-profit association dedicated to research, service delivery and intervention in the area of migration and health. We focus on migrants, refugees and ethnic minorities, as well as on the quality of health services and intercultural training of health workers. In our action, we see the access to health as a fundamental right of an inclusive society in the expression of the rights and duties of citizenship. The GIS Association was created in 2007 and consists of 7 members (coincidentally, all female: anthropologists, social psychologists, sociologists and philosophers) and works in collaboration with other professionals and researchers, according to projects under development. The GIS Association – Immigration and Health Group has as its main objective the promotion of the health of the migrant population, through the development of research, training and intervention actions, through the creation of scientific, technical and informative dialogues between the Medical Sciences, the Social Sciences and Humanities and the socioculturally constituted knowledge of the immigrants and refugees themselves. Avanços e retrocessos na área da saúde mental dos imigrantes em Portugal: a perspectiva do GIS was presented at the 9th Cascais Mental Health Meeting on 14.11.08
Quotation:
Évora, Iolanda. 2011. “Avanços e retrocessos na área da saúde mental dos imigrantes em Portugal: a perspectiva do GIS”. Comunicação apresentada no 9º Encontro de Saúde Mental, Cascais.
Associativism and Transnational Practices on Capeverdean Migrants
Abstract:
In Associativism and Transnational Practices on Capeverdean Migrants”. Comunicação apredentada na XI Annual Conference of Project Metropolis International “Paths & Crossroads: moving people, changing places we propose a reflection on the role that the Capeverdean immigrant associations have towards the intensification of transnational practices in the Capeverdean community. We consider that transnationalism as a characteristic per excellence of the contemporary Capeverdean migration creates a change in the goal set by associations which are traditionally involved either by defending the origin of the identity or by social inclusion from the place of destiny. We reached the conclusion that transnational immigrants are not yet identified in their specific needs by associative organizations. However, studies have demonstrated that like transnational collective strategies such as the Congresso de Quadros Cabo-verdianos da Diáspora for example, transnational practices of the small immigrant supported by informal networks of a more spontaneous character are also an important sign of the passing of a Diaspora to a transnational community alloying to identify the practice of an active migratory culture and the appeal to an accumulated migratory knowledge which aids the implementation of intense and frequent types of circulation and contact amongst the different Diaspora cores.
Quotation:
Évora, Iolanda. 2011. “Associativism and Transnational Practices on Capeverdean Migrants”. Comunicação apredentada na XI Annual Conference of Project Metropolis International “Paths & Crossroads: moving people, changing places”, Fundação C. Gulbenkian and Culturgest,Lisbon.
Comportamento de prevenção ao HIV/SIDA entre jovens de origem cabo-verdiana em Portugal
Abstract:
This study that we carried out, and whose partial results are presented here, deals with the prevention behavior of the young Cape Verdean population immigrated to Portugal in relation to HIV/AIDS. The promoters of Comportamento de prevenção ao HIV/SIDA entre jovens de origem cabo-verdiana em Portugal were two Cape Verdean institutions: the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Cape Verde AIDS Coordination Committee, sponsored by the World Bank. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship (or gap) between the knowledge that young people have about HIV/AIDS and their day-to-day prevention practices. Likewise, we tried to explore the possible interferences of the immigration factor in the attitudes and theories of young people about HIV/AIDS and the behaviors they consider the safest. The study is, therefore, among those that seek to support health education proposals related to HIV/AIDS, based on the understanding of the way in which different populations or communities conceive health care. The study was carried out with young people of Cape Verdean origin living in Portugal, whether or not they were born in Cape Verde. We cover both sexes equally (8 men and 7 women), aged between 16-26 years and living in social relocation neighborhoods, that is, neighborhoods built by municipal structures to replace slums. The regions covered were those with a large number of Cape Verdeans and their descendants: Lisbon, Greater Lisbon and Loulé. We believe that belonging to such spaces circumscribes the social and economic situation of this group because, although questionable, the definition of rehousing neighborhoods contains a social categorization, to a large extent, attributed by the dominant social classification system to young people of immigrant origin in the country. Therefore, we consider this definition because of its implications in the social experience of these young people and in the material and symbolic conditions of existence, on which daily decisions regarding health care and prevention depend. We chose to use a qualitative methodology for data collection that would allow for an in-depth exploratory study and the identification of certain patterns of behavior and perception. This methodology, developed by Rodrigues (1978, 1999) seemed to us to be more suitable for reaching irrational contents, a name that is often attributed by the social sciences to factors that “exist, but cannot be apprehended by reason” (Rodrigues, 1999, p.4). ). As the author says, it is about trying to achieve “what cannot be measured, but which is worth knowing”, that is, the emotional contents and deeper meanings of young people’s explanations about preventive behaviors in relation to HIV/AIDS. We carried out in-depth individual interviews in order to lead the subjects to produce material capable of revealing the representations, the type of perception, the explanatory resources used and the explanations they produce, based on the positions they occupy within their groups, in particular, the position on immigration and HIV/AIDS. Based on self-reflection (free speech), we identified the themes of interest and concern of each young person interviewed, the sequence of themes and the way in which the young person interconnects aspects of his life and his world. Above all, we sought to recognize the place where subjects place the issue of AIDS among the themes of their lives. With the Intermediate Questions, we proposed in Comportamento de prevenção ao HIV/SIDA entre jovens de origem cabo-verdiana em Portugal to explore the issues about HIV/AIDS that were of interest to the project and that had not been brought up, spontaneously, by the young person in the first part of the free speech. Finally, the Socio-Economic Questionnaire made it possible to reach the living conditions of this group in Portugal and also their family history. Here we include questions about the migration of your family group in its different stages and for each of its members.
Quotation:
Évora, Iolanda. 2011. “Comportamento de prevenção ao HIV/SIDA entre jovens de origem cabo-verdiana em Portugal”. Comunicação apresentada no II Encontro Internacional, Migrantes Subsaharianos na Europa, SociNova, Odivelas.
Sobre a Metodologia Qualitativa: Experiências em psicologia social
Abstract:
Often, the reference to qualitative methodology leads us to the great controversy about the scientificity of the social sciences in comparison with the natural sciences and to doubts about the attribution of the status of “science” to the social field, studied in Sobre a metodologia qualitativa: experiências em psicologia social. There are those who argue that this attribution (of scientificity) will only be possible if the same procedures are applied to the social that are used to understand the natural. For others, on the contrary, the important thing is to claim the total difference and specificity of the human field and to show that the work for the knowledge of the social must reach the symbolic, historical and concrete orders. In the symbolic dimension, the meanings of the subjects are included; the historical dimension – of time consolidated in the real and analytical space – includes the fact that social actors resort to their experience and memory to recompose facts that took place within their temporality. The concrete dimension is related to the structures and social actors in relation. Hence the statement that the social sciences deal with phenomena marked by relativity, unpredictability and specificity.
Quotation:
Évora, Iolanda. 2011. “Sobre a metodologia qualitativa: experiências em psicologia social”. Comunicação apresentada nos Seminários em Psicologia, Universidade Autonomia de Lisboa
Brief Paper 1/2015: O Acesso à Água e ao Saneamento nos Países em Desenvolvimento: a União Europeia, as ONGDs e o caso de Bafatá na Guiné-Bissau
Abstract:
O acesso à água e ao saneamento nos países em desenvolvimento : a União Europeia, as ONGDs e o caso de Bafatá na Guiné-Bissau is born from the readaptation of the master’s thesis “Access to water and sanitation in developing countries: the European Union, NGDOs and the case of Bafatá in Guinea Bissau” carried out during 2014 and defended in November of the same year. The work is part of the theme of international cooperation with Developing Countries (DP) in the sector of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)3 and aims to investigate how good practices, agreed by international donors, for access to water and sanitation, influence the work of NGDOs operating in this sector. Thus, we sought to analyze how the European Union (EU), the most important donor in the WASH sector at an international level, has influenced the work in the WASH sector of the Portuguese NGDO – TESE – Associação para o Desenvolvimento. We tried to observe how TESE interprets the EU guidelines in the WASH sector, trying to understand if there is a blind adaptation to the guidelines in order to capture the funds, or if, on the contrary, there is a vision that guides the actions of TESE independently the availability of funding. In the first decade of the 2000s, the EU has strengthened its commitment to the WASH sector, funding numerous cooperation projects and actively contributing to the international political debate. Among the criteria that led to the choice of TESE, in addition to its geographical proximity and the opportunity to collaborate with the organization’s members, is the fact that it is one of the few NGDOs in Portugal committed to cooperation in the WASH sector in the Portuguese-speaking space. This, over the last decade, has established itself as a reference organization in the panorama of Portuguese NGDOs, being involved in several projects in the water and sanitation sector. Since its birth until today, there has been a substantial evolution of the organization, which now has a stable structure and well-defined objectives. Over time, TESE defined an intervention model specific to the organization. Among the projects carried out, one stands out, Bafatá Misti Iagu (BMI), co-financed by the EU in Bafatá, Guinea Bissau (GB). This will be the object of analysis as a case study. Between February and May 2014, the daily work of the TESE headquarters in Lisbon was monitored. Documents guiding EU cooperation and funding lines in the WASH sector were analyzed and compared with the results of the case study on Bafatá, writing the intervention context of the BMI project. from the analysis of documents of the projects carried out by TESE, from the evaluations of the projects and from the interviews carried out with current and previous members of the NGDO5. The comparison was mainly focused on: (1) the desired objectives, the target groups, the proposed actions and the approach promoted in the actions; (2) the approach to the key issues of access and management of water services. Here, we sought to compare the principles inherent to institutional and management issues (What is the resource management model that is promoted?), social and economic (What is the value attributed to water, in equity, in human rights, in gender equity? , in the quality of services promoted, and in questions of ownership, price, pricing of services?), and finally environmental, information, education, communication and technology6. This analysis resulted in a substantial approximation between the EU guidelines and the projects carried out by TESE. This result becomes more interesting considering that the line of financing with which TESE financed the BMI project in 2009 did not include specific guidelines on the water sector and the definition of objectives, expected results, activities and more in general. approach and is not subject to EC eligibility criteria in the WASH sector. Regarding the desired objectives, target groups, proposed actions and the approach promoted in the actions, there is a high correspondence of vision. TESE’s actions encompass both an infrastructural component (construction and rehabilitation of infrastructure, implementation of pollution prevention and water protection measures), and measures aimed at improving resource management in order to guarantee the durability of the intervention (awareness of the correct use of resources and education for hygiene, strengthening and management of institutions in the water sector). Among the measures shared by the EU and TESE aimed at resource management is the demand management, which, however, was not applied indiscriminately in the projects carried out by TESE, and each time there was a prior identification of the context and the your needs. The affinity of vision between EC and TESE remains constant, albeit with some difference, looking at the key access and management principles applied in the implementation of the BMI project (See Table A). This did not come about through the opening of a line of financing, but through the identification of the needs and opportunities for cooperation in Bafatá, in a perspective of complementarity and integration with other ongoing initiatives. The expected results were not defined to meet the eligibility conditions of the Call for Proposal -CfP-, but to have the best impact from the point of view of economic, human and environmental sustainability. The definition of these results derives from TESE’s own intervention pattern, which may change according to the context and requirements of the financing lines, but which in substance is not changed. Through the analysis of the projects carried out by TESE, it was possible to identify an intervention model of the organization. This model, the common thread between the projects, is an integral part of its cooperation strategy. Taking into account what has been observed, it can be said that TESE has a vision that guides its actions in the WASH sector, not limiting itself to applying ipsis verbis what is required in the EC CfPs. However, as we have seen, there is a good match between the objectives and good practices approved by the EC and the vision and work of TESE. Comparing the objectives, principles and proposed actions, it can be deduced that, taking as an example the application of the demand management principle, there is no implementation of internationally recognized good practices without a prior analysis of the intervention context.
Quotation:
Gentili, Davide (2015). “O acesso à água e ao saneamento nos países em desenvolvimento : a União Europeia, as ONGDs e o caso de Bafatá na Guiné-Bissau”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 1-2015.
Brief Paper 1/2008: A Gestão do Fundo Petrolífero de Timor Leste: Alguns aspectos
Abstract:
The Article 11 of the Petroleum Fund Law (Law 9/2005 of 3 August) deduces that the Government, through the Ministry of Finance – formerly the Ministry of Planning and Finance – is responsible for deciding on the fundamental lines of the investment policy of the Petroleum Fund (PF) after receiving the opinion of the Investment Advisory Committee – to which, as it appears to be, the Minister is not bound to follow, but since it is a body made up of technical experts, it should not be dismissed without strong reasons to do so, and even if this is not required by law, without full public justification. As indicated by the characteristics of the series of CEsA texts in which it is published – its Brief Papers – A gestão do fundo petrolífero de Timor Leste: alguns aspectos should be understood as corresponding to a (little more than) initial phase of research on the topic we have proposed to study. Therefore, its conclusions – if we can speak of true conclusions or even lessons – are merely provisional and subject to some modification as a result of the continued research we have been doing on the subject. For this reason, and as much or more than in other circumstances, an appeal to the reader to let us know his opinions on what has been written, including possible inaccuracies in the approach to the subject, makes sense.
Quotation:
Serra, António M. de Almeida. 2008. “A gestão do fundo petrolífero de Timor Leste: alguns aspectos”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 1-2008.
Brief Paper 1/2001: A Nova Política Comercial Indiana
Abstract:
On 31 March 2000, the Indian government announced a set of measures that significantly alter this country’s trade policy, studied in A nova política comercial indiana (The New Indian Trade Policy). This is not, however, a surprise or a change of direction in relation to the general orientation of the economic policy of the recent past. This set of measures was foreseen some time ago and, moreover, partly stems from a WTO decision to that effect. On the other hand, the trend towards liberalisation – along the lines of the “Washington Consensus” – has dominated the Indian economic and political landscape since the early 1990s. Hitherto Indian trade policy was characterised by the existence of numerous and complex import barriers. Depending on the good concerned, these barriers took the form of quantitative restrictions, import licensing, tariffs or a complete ban on imports. Some of these restrictions were fully justified on environmental or safety grounds and will therefore remain in place. Others, however, were essentially a form of protectionism. The latter, particularly when they took the form of quantitative restrictions, conflicted with WTO rules. Thus, following a trade dispute between India and the US and subsequent WTO demand, quantitative restrictions on 714 of the 1429 types of goods that were subject to them were abolished. It is also expected that over the next two years many of the remaining restrictions will be removed or reduced, in particular all quantitative restrictions – with the exception, as already mentioned, of those for environmental or safety reasons – and a substantial part of customs duties.
Quotation:
Abreu, Alexandre. 2001. “A nova política comercial indiana”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 1-2001.
Brief Paper 5/1999: La Cohérence des Politiques des Bailleurs de Fonds Internationaux en Matière de Lutte Contre la Pauvreté dans les Pays en Développement
Abstract:
Poverty in developing countries is a major challenge in today’s world. In La cohérence des politiques des bailleurs de fonds internationaux en matière de lutte contre la pauvreté dans les pays en développement, we explore how in an increasingly global system based on market economies and pluralistic democracies, achieving a high degree of policy coherence among international donors in the fight against poverty in developing countries is essential for the progress and economic stability of these countries, but is an extremely difficult objective to achieve. In both developed and developing countries, the political and social obstacles to be overcome in practice are enormous. In an increasingly unified global economy and with an international system based on the nation-state, there is a constant conflict between domestic priorities and international disciplines. The need to compete internationally requires discipline in domestic economic policies from the outset, but also leads to serious concerns about building and maintaining the productive apparatus and infrastructure within countries, which leads governments to engage in actions that affect international economic structures and relations. In many cases, domestic economic policies have to be decided in the face of great uncertainty about the global economic outlook and political and economic developments in individual countries, making it extremely difficult to predict the direction of coherent macroeconomic policies, where constant monitoring is required.
Quotation:
Carvalho, José Sequeira de. 1999. “La cohérence des politiques des bailleurs de fonds internationaux en matière de lutte contre la pauvreté dans les pays en développement”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 5-1999.
Brief Paper 4/1999: A emergência da identidade “Raça” no contexto das empresas europeias em África
Abstract:
Transnational Connections” is the significant title of a book by the Swedish anthropologist Ulf Hannerz (1996), whose analysis focuses on the problem of the multiple intercultural encounters which globalisation provides, namely at the business level. The internationalisation of the Portuguese economy suffered a significant delay and “missed the opportunity” to follow the classic rules which governed the internationalisation of the North American economy, from the post-war period, and of the European economy in the 60s and 70s. At that time, a company internationalised by choice, as soon as it had a solid base in its home country, and it was mainly important for it to obtain economic, financial and legal information on the target investment country. The globalisation of markets, a process that had already begun at the end of the 1960s, but which has greatly accelerated in the last decade, especially since the fall of the so-called World Socialist System, has also introduced innovations at this level. Nowadays, companies are often obliged to internationalise themselves or risk disappearing and the value of information and knowledge has grown exponentially (Santos, 1997; Costa; 1997). It is no longer enough to obtain general data on the various eligible markets, it is necessary to have in-depth knowledge of variables that go far beyond the cost of factors or the rules of repatriation of capital, because today, in the face of the standardisation of technologies and the ease of reproduction of processes, competitiveness is ensured by originality and this depends heavily on the human factor, especially in contexts where capital is not abundant. A emergência da identidade “Raça” no contexto das empresas europeias em África (The emergence of the “Race” identity in the context of European companies in Africa) was prepared for a paper on race at the CEsA 1999 Seminar: The problematic of development – history and current contributions from a transdisciplinary perspective, Conference on Strategic Identities for Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender and race, 23rd June 1999.
Quotation:
Calapez, Ana Célia. 1999. “A emergência da identidade “Raça” no contexto das empresas europeias em África”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 4-1999
Brief Paper 3/1999: Identidades Estratégicas para o Desenvolvimento na África Subsahariana: O género
Abstract:
In the current context of globalisation, the African continent is seriously marginalised, which makes it necessary to reflect on development problems in order to question and identify analytical instruments capable of dealing with the complex dynamics of identities and processes that are currently interacting in African I-markets. The process of globalisation has made visible realities, ways of being and acting which until recently were only vaguely recognised in restricted contexts or even ignored through indifference. The emergence of phenomena with a global dimension, such as environmental threats or major pandemics, has given renewed importance to diversity, both biological and cultural, not only because diversity itself is the basis of life, but because in the face of global threats, action must also be global and based on cooperation. This situation calls for the need to develop a more open way of managing difference, taking advantage of it rather than seeing it as an obstacle. If we consider that one of the major barriers to global action are the difficulties of communication between different systems, which act and think differently and even assign different meanings to the same actions and identical reasoning, then we have to introduce variables in our work that help to make some of these disparities intelligible and thus reduce the noise and improve or even provide communication. In this context, interculturality becomes compulsory and enables a joint approach to identity phenomena apparently as disparate as gender and race, because in both cases we are dealing with groups that have historically assumed a peripheral role and a vulnerable position in terms of the correlation of forces with other dominant groups, sharing biological specificities and specific patterns of behaviour and meaning attribution. Identidades Estratégicas para o Desenvolvimento na África Subsahariana: O género (Strategic identities for development in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender) was presented at the 1st Portugal – China Congress organised by the University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro in Vila Real, 19-23 April 1999.
Quotation:
Grassi, Marzia. 1999. “Identidades estratégicas para o desenvolvimento na África Subsahariana : o género”. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – CEsA Brief papers nº 3-1999.
