Pobreza absoluta e desigualdades sociais, ajustamento estrutural e democracia na R.D. São Tomé e Príncipe

Abstract

This article presents the results of an investigation which aimed to measure the degree of poverty of the wage-earning population of São Tomé and Príncipe. After a survey of the economic situation of São Tomé and Príncipe and the structural adjustment policy implemented since 1987, the author examines the social consequences of the country's economic policy, notably the consequences for the distribution of income. This is done by applying a particular methodology in order to determine the proportion of income spent on food. It was found that social inequalities were considerable and the degree of poverty was high, notably in rural areas. The author suggests an alternative food pattern which would rely more on traditional food products. Through the adoption of such an alternative diet, the percentage of the population considered to be in a situation of poverty could decrease. Finally the author discusses the consequences of the structural adjustment programme for the process of democratization in the country.